विसर्प

References:
C.Chi. 21, S.Ni.10, A.H.Ni.13, M.Ni. 52

Nirukti and Synonyms:

1. Parisarpa – Sarvatah Praisarpan`aat Parisarpah | M.Ni. 52 T`eekaa Madhukos`ha
   Parisarpo Athavaa Namnaa Sarvatah Parisarpan`aat | C.Chi. 21
2. विसर्प – Vividham Sarpan`aat | M.Ni. 52 T`eekaa Madhukos`ha
   Vividham Sarpati Yato Visarpah Tena Sa Smritah | C.Chi. 21
3. Vividham Sarpati Iti Oordhvam Adho Tiryag Tathaa Sphot`a S`hophaadibhih Prasarati Iti | Chakrapaan`i C.Chi. 21.11
4. Naanaaprakaaram Visarpati Iti | S.Ni.10/3 D`alhan`a

Svaroopa:

• This is very acute disease and gets manifested abruptly and needs immediate treatment (S`heeghrakaaree)
• It spreads very quickly and is very serious like snake poison (Aas`heevishopamam)
• It spreads all over the body with blisters and swelling (Anunnata S`hopha S.Ni.10/1,2 D`alhan`a)

• विसर्प and कुष्ठ have same Dooshya in their pathogenesis.

• All the types of विसर्प are manifested with Sphot`a (blisters) and if they remain untreated they get suppurated and burst out to resemble to व्रण.

Types:

• There are 7 types of Visarpa.

1. Vaataja
2. Pittaja (Kshataja Visarpa)
3. Kaphaja
4. VaataPittaja (Agni / Aagneya Visarpa)
5. VaataKaphaja (Granthi Visarpa) – Apachee (Sus`hruta quotes अपची as Granthi Visarpa M. Ni. T`eekaa Madhukos`ha)
6. KaphaPittaja (Karadamaka)
7. Saannipaatika
8. Kshataja Visarpa Though it has been described separately, it should be considered as type of Pittaja Visarpa. Hence, it is not listed while numerating the types.

• विसर्प is also classified as

1. Bahihs`hrita Saadhya If the Dosha are situated in S`haakhaa the body, the विसर्प manifested is Bahihs`hrita Visarpa.
2. Antahs`hrita Krichchhrasaadhya – If the Dosha are situated in (Antah Kosht`ha) the body, the विसर्प manifested is Antahs`hrita Visarpa.
3. Ubhayaas`hrita (Bahihs`hrita & Antahs`hrita) Asaadhya – If the Doshaa_s are situated in both the places, the विसर्प manifested is Ubhayaas`hrita Visarpa.

Sampraapt:

• Dosha
  • All the three vitiated Dosha are responsible for Visarpa.
    Owing to their excessive vitiation, Dooshya are called as Mala. C.Chi.21/15 (Chakrapaan`i)
• Dooshya / Dhaatu
  • Rakta
  • Maamsa
• Upadhaatu
  • Tvak
  • Laseekaa (Jalam M.Ni. T`eekaa AatankaDarpan`a)

• Due to the various causative factors (Vyaamis`hra Nidaana) all the three Dosha get aggravated. They traverse through all over the body vitiating the Dhaatu that result in the manifestation of Visarpa.
• Aggravated Dosha enter into the Tvak, Maamsa, S`hon`ita. They do not remain at one site in the body but keep moving from one place to another generating widespread swelling and keep spreading in the body. This type of swelling is called as विसर्प.

Vaataja Visarpa:
Aggravation of Vaayu is the most important factor in manifestation of Visarpa. Vaayu is aggravated either by its own reason (Svatantra Hetu) like hot and dry substances or it gets aggravated due to Maargaavarodha (Pooran`a) [Paratantra Hetu]. This aggravated Vaayu vitiates Dooshya (Rakta, Maamsa, Laseekaa, Tvak) spreading them all over the body. This is Visarpa.

Pittaja Visarpa:
Pitta gets accumulated (Chaya) due to hot dietary and behavioral regimen, Vidaahee and sour food. It enters the Dhamanee, vitiating the Dooshya (Rakta, Maamsa, Tvak, Laseekaa) and traverse through the body.

Kaphaja Visarpa:
Due to sweet, sour, salty, heavy and unctuous food Kapha accumulates (Chaya) in the body. It vitiating Dooshya (Rakta, Maamsa, Tvak, Laseekaa) spreads slowly (Ksichchhram Visarpati S`heeghram S`hareere na Visarpati; Chakrapaan`i Ch. Chi.21.33)

VaataPittaja Visarpa (Agni Visarpa):
Vaata and Pitta, both get aggravated excessively due to their causative factors. They both aggravate each other (Parasparam Labdhabalam Anyonya Vardhita S`haktikam Chakrapaan`i). They spread Dooshya all over the body causing burning sensation like red hot coal. This is Agni Visarpa.

KaphaPittaja Visarpa (Kardamaka Visarpa):
Kapha and Pitta aggravated due to their strong causative factors gets spreaded through the body putrifying the Dooshya. It does not spread quickly (Alasaka Manda Visarpee). It does not affect all the body parts (Eka Des`ha Graahee Na Sarva S`hareera Vyaapaka). It is Kardama Visarpa. It resembles to muddy appearance.

KaphaVaataja Visarpa (Granthi Visarpa):
Kapha and Vaayu aggravate due to their causative factors. They both get vitiated and aggravated (Dusht`i and Prakopa) and vitiate Dooshya (Rakta, Maamsa, Tvak, Laseekaa). Vaayu obstructed due to Kapha, penetrates Kapaha, producing line of cysts (Granthi) which are slowly suppurated. These cysts are formed in Rakta, Siraa, Snaayu, Maamsa, and Tvak.

Kshataja Visarpa:
Due to the exogenous causes Vaayu gets aggravated. This aggravated Vaayu vitiates Pitta with Rakta. There is immense swelling (शोथ), Jvara, Rujaa (Pain) and burning sensation (दाह) and blisters (Sphot`a) on the skin. Rakta turns to S`hyaava Varn`a. Pitta and Rakta enter into the fresh wound generating swelling like Kulattha (Horse Gram).

Antarvisarpa:
Capacity of dietary fire gets reduced (Agni Maandya) due to Marmaaghaata, Sammoha, Trishn`aa Atiyoga (excessive water intake), Vishama Vega Pravartana. The strength of the person also gets decreased. Thus, Antarvisarpa gets manifested.

• Complications of विसर्प

1. ज्वर
2. अतिसार
3. Vamathu
4. Tvak Daran`a
5. Maamsa Daran`a
6. Klama
7. अरोचक
8. Avipaaka

• Saadhyaasaadhtatva

Saadhya Visarpa	Asaadhya Visarpa	Krichchhrasaadhya Visarpa
Vaataja	Saannipaatika	Marmagata Visarpa
Pittaja	Kshataja
Kaphaja	Pittaatmaka
	Anjana Vapuh

Anjana Vapuh Where skin colour resembles to Anjana (Anjanasamavarn`atanuh M. N. 52/25, T`eekaa Madhukos`ha / Srotojakardamanibh / Anjana Sadris`ha Kardama Drava Tulyah S.Ni.10/5. D`alhan`a)

Difference between कुष्ठ and विसर्प

	विसर्प	कुष्ठ
Dosha Condition	Dosha traverse through all over the body quickly.Dosha are Chala / Visarpan`as`heela	Dosha traverse slowly and the disease manifests after a long period after vitiation of DoshaDosha are Sthira (stable)
Vyaadhi Svaroopa	S`heeghra Roga manifested suddenly	It manifests very slowly Deergha Roga
Hetu Vis`hesha	It is not caused by Hetu like Guru Pradharshan`a (insulting Sages, Teachers), Para Dravya Apaharan`a (to steal the things of others)	It causes by Guru Pradharshan`a (insulting Sages, Teachers), Para Dravya Apaharan`a (to steal the things of others)
Common factor	Dosha have dominance of Rakta and Pitta, but it is Tridoshaja	Dosha have dominance of Rakta and Pitta, but it is Tridoshaja

Visarpa: Sampraapti

रोगमार्ग	Baahya, Aabhyantara, Madhyama (Marmagatatva of Visarpa)
Svabhaava	Daarun`a, S`heghrakaaree, Aas`heevisha Vishopamam
Classification	Raktapradoshaja, Maamsapradoshaja
Vyakti Sthaana	Tvak
Krichchhra criteria	Marmagata, Antahs`hrita
Dosha	Vaata, Pitta and Kapha Dusht`i (Ati) and Prakopa; Vaata Prakopa, AavaranaPitta Chaya
Dosha Gun`a	Vaata = Rooksha, Ooshn`a, ChalaPitta = Ooshn`a, Amla, Teekshn`a, Visra, Drava, SaraKapha = Snigdha, Guru, S`heeta, Sthira, Manda, S`hlakshn`a
Dhaatu	Rakta, Maamsa
Upadhaatu	Tvak, Laseekaa
Mala	Raktavaha, Maamsavaha
Upas`haya	Nidaana Vipareeta
Anupas`haya	Due to Nidaana Sevana
Agni	Agni Kshaya
Effect on Others	Bala kshaya

Visarpa: Sampraapti

विसर्प Type	Vaataja	Pittaja	Kaphaja	VaataKaphaja (Granthi)	VaataPittaja (Agni)	Pitta Kaphaja (Kardamaka)	Saannipaatika	Kshataja
Saadhya criteria	Saadhya	Saadhya	Saadhya	Saadhya if Anupadrava	Saadhya if Anupadrava	Saadhya if Anupadrava

Last updated on February 15th, 2021 at 05:31 am